Concepts

Numeral system of a world culture

Consider: Arabic, Babylonian, Chinese, Egyptian, Greek, Indian, Mayan, Andean Quipu, Roman, Sumerian, Yoruba, etc.
A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Keeping Count: Writing Whole Numbers.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Probability

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “What’s in a Game?: The Start of Probability Theory.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Quadratic Equations

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “A Square and Things: Quadratic Equations. ” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Coordinate Geometry

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Shapes by the Numbers: Coordinate Geometry.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Fractions

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Broken numbers: Writing Fractions.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Complex Numbers

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Impossible, Imaginary, Useful: Complex Numbers. ” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Infinity

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Beyond Counting: Infinity and the Theory of Sets.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Zero

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Nothing Becomes a Number: The Story of Zero” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Metric System

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “By Tens and Tenths: Metric Measurement.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

Pi

A good place to start:
Berlinghoff, William P., and Fernando Q. Gouvêa. “Measuring the Circle: The Story of π.” In Math Through the Ages: A Gentle History for Teachers and Others, 141-48. Farmington, ME: Oxton House/Mathematical Association of America, 2015.

The nature of light

A good place to start:
Ede, Andrew, and Lesley B. Cormack. A History of Science in Society: From Philosophy to Utility. 3rd ed. University of Toronto Press, 2016.

Spontaneous generation

A good place to start:
Ede, Andrew, and Lesley B. Cormack. A History of Science in Society: From Philosophy to Utility. 3rd ed. University of Toronto Press, 2016.

Ecosystem concept